职业足球运动员转会的法律适用

The Legal Application on the Professional Football Player Transfers

足球运动员转会体系既是足球市场的需要,也是足球俱乐部发展的基本条件之一。足球转会制度规定了转会窗、注册数量要求、保护期、转会费等限制规定,在一定程度上影响了运动员转会的自由,但确有其存在的必要性。运动员转会的过程实际上就是双方俱乐部签订转会合同、运动员与前俱乐部解除合同、与新俱乐部签订新合同的过程,而职业运动员转会合同适用《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》存在诸多冲突。通过对运动员转会合同进行分析,俱乐部之间的转会合同在性质上属于一般民事合同,而运动员和俱乐部的工作合同则属于雇佣合同,因它们都符合《中华人民共和国合同法》的一般原则。因此,职业足球运动员转会应当适用《中华人民共和国合同法》的规定,以利于足球转会的三方当事人以合同法平等、自由、公平、诚实信用的基本原则为基础就运动员转会合同和工作合同进行充分谈判和协商,实现各方的利益追求。

The transfer system of the football player is not only the needs of the football mar- ket, but also one of the basic conditions for the development of football club. Football transfer system provides for the transfer window, the number of registered, protection period and trans- fer fees, which affected the players＇ transferring freedom to a certain extent, but these rules are the necessity to promote the football. The transfer contract of the professional players has many conflicts with the ＂Labor Contract Law＂. Through the analysis to the player＇s transfer contract, the transfer contract between the clubs belongs to the civil contracts in nature gener- ally, and the work contract between the player and the club is an employment contract, and they are both in line with the general principle of the ＂Contract Law＂, and therefore the trans- fers of the professional football players should apply the ＂Contract Law,＂ in order to facilitate the transfer of the three parties to football contract law of equality, freedom, fairness and good faith on the basis of the fundamental principles of player transfers and contract negotiations and work contracts be fully negotiation , to achieve the interests of the parties to pursue.