中国西部地区经济增长源泉——基于人力资本与能源消费的双重约束

Sources of Economic Growth in China's Western Regions——Based on the Dual Constraints of Human Capital and Energy Consumption

文章以中国经济发展相对落后的西部地区为研究对象,运用DEA方法将考虑人力资本与能源消费的经济增长分解为人力资本、复合物质资本、效率改善和技术进步四部分,探寻其经济增长的源泉,并对西部大开发前后进行了比较研究。发现以人力资本、物质资本和能源消费为代表的要素投入和以技术进步、效率提高为代表的全要素生产率对经济增长的推动作用几乎相等;但在西部大开发以后,以技术进步、效率提高为代表的全要素生产率对经济增长的推动作用呈现逐年上升的良好趋势。采用绝对收敛方程考察了中国西部地区经济增长与四类因素的收敛效应,发现中国西部地区出现了显著地经济收敛,而这种结果是技术效率、技术进步和物质资本积累的共同结果。采用Tobit模型深入分析了能源投入和人力资本对经济增长约束的传导机制,结果表明,中国西部地区经济增长可持续发展的重要源泉和动力在于转变经济增长方式。

In order to explore sources of economic growth of the western China,this paper takes the western regions that are relatively economic backward in China as the research object,brakes economic growth down into four parts by use of DEA method：human capital,composite material capital,efficiency improvement and technological progress,and makes a com parative study of the western regions before and after the policy—The Great Development of The West.The study brings out that factor inputs,represented by human capital,physical capital and energy consumption,almost play an equal role in promot ing economic growth with the total factor productivity which is represented by technological progress and efficiency improve ment;however,after developing the western regions,total factor productivity shows a good trend as a more important role in promoting economic growth.By using absolute convergence equation the paper investigates the convergence effect between eco nomic growth of China＇s western regions and those four factors,and finds that China＇s western regions demonstrating signifi cant economic convergence,and this consequence is the common results of technical efficiency,technological progress and physical capital.The study adopts Tobit model to deeply analyze the transmission mechanism of constraints of economic growth by the energy inputs and human capital,and the result shows that changing the style of economic growth of China＇s western re gions is an important source and strong motivation for its sustainable economic growth.