基于不同利益相关者的科学基金信息公开需求研究

Study on the Requirements for Science Fund Information Disclosure Based on Different Stakeholders

以国家自然科学基金委员会信息公开的内容为考察对象,针对四类不同的利益相关者进行访谈调研,以明确利益相关者对科学基金信息公开的需求类型、需求内容及需求数量。研究结果表明:(1)所有利益相关者的需求类型集中体现为现实—长远型,而项目申请者的需求类型为现实—近期型,课题参与者的需求类型为现实—长远型,科技界公众和基金管理人员的需求类型分别表现为潜在—长远型和现实—长远型;(2)项目资助类信息的需求数量要远远高于组织管理类信息的需求数量,具体地,项目资助类信息居前三位的是:项目评估、项目实施和项目指南,而组织管理类信息位居前三位的是:机构设置、组织目标、技术与信息;(3)所有利益相关者认知程度最高的六类信息是:发展规划、项目指南、项目评审、项目实施、组织目标和机构设置,这些信息是今后需要重点推进的。

On the basis of the investigation on the content of information disclosure in National Natural Science Foundation of China, this study has interviewed and investigated four kinds of different stakeholders to determine the type, content and quantity of the stakeholders＇ requirements for science fund information disclosure. The results show that： （1） the type of all the stakeholders＇ requirements mainly reflects as realistic ＆ long-term type, those of project applicants display as realistic ＆ short-term type, while those of project participants show as realis- tic ＆ long-term type, the public in scientific and technological circles as potential ＆ long-term type and fund ad- ministrative staff as realistic ＆ long-term type; （2） the information quantity required by project funding is far more than that required by organizational management, and concretely, the top three information requirements of project funding are project appraisal, project implementation and project guidelines, while the top three information requirements of organizational management are organization structuring, organizational goals together with technologies and information;（3）the six kinds of information with the highest degree of awareness by all the stakeholders are development planning, project guidelines, project appraisal, project implementation, organizational goals and or- ganization structuring, and these information needs to be emphasized and promoted in future. In a result, the stake- holders＇ degree of satisfaction is much higher for the current science fund information disclosure, and they think although the content of information disclosure is concrete and can basically meet daily requirements, it still needs to be deepened in future to ensure the quality of information.