我国6个地方鸭种的群体结构分析

Analysis of Population Structure of 6 Indigenous Domestic Ducks in China

为深入揭示我国地方鸭种的群体遗传结构,本研究利用荧光标记微卫星引物结合ABI-3730XL型DNA测序平台,对国家级水禽基因库(泰州)保存的6个品种鸭(426只)在12个位点上的等位基因进行STR分型,利用SPSS19.0和Structure2.0软件对群体结构进行分析。结果表明:12个座位的多态性丰富,共检测到88个等位基因,PCA分析得到6个主成分,前4个主成分对群体分类的累积贡献率达到88.091%。Structure程序成功构建出了6个群体的遗传分化结构图和群体的独立类群分布图,推断6个群体在所属推断类别中的平均基因组分数分别为93.88%、96.08%、90.89%、93.01%、88.67%、92.65%;且未发现有个体发生迁移。Structure程序构建的系统发育树进一步显示临武鸭与攸县麻鸭、高邮鸭与山麻鸭和广西小麻鸭的遗传距离较近。

In this study, the allele frequency of 12 microsatellite loci in Jingxi, Gaoyou, Guangxi, Shanma, Youxian and Linwu duck were detected by STR genotyping method based on the ABI-3730XL DNA Sequencing platform. The quantity of all individuals was 426. Then the alleles were analyzed by SPSS19.0 and Structure2.0 software. The results showed that the polymorphisms of all thel2 loci were abundant and 88 alleles were obtained. The distributions of the alleles were analyzed by PCA and 6 principal components were gained. The accumulating contribution rate of the first 4 ones was 88.091%. The genetic differentiation structure and the distribution of independent groups of the 6 indigenous populations were structured by structure procedure. The average gene components in their supposed groups were 93.88%, 96.08%, 90.89%, 93.01%, 88.67%, 92.65%, respectively, and no individual migrated into another population. The phylogenetic tree showed that the genetic distances between the Linwu and Youxian, Gaoyou and Shanma, Guangxi were nearer than other groups.