他评:一种有效的人格评价手段

Observer-rating: An Efficient Method in Assessing People's Personality

他评法是一种有效的人格评价手段,甚至在一些情境下比自评法更为有效。在现实准确性模型(the Realistic Accuracy Model,RAM)以及权重平均模型(the Weighted-average Model,WAM)的基础上,对于影响他评准确性的因素进行了梳理,涉及熟悉性、关系质量、特质可见度以及假设相似性等。针对目前研究中存在的问题,提出要在中国文化背景下,进一步拓展研究对象的取样范围,在更多不同的情境下提高研究的生态效度,同时采用更多的人格评价手段。

Observer-rating is efficient in assessing people＇s personality, and even more efficient than self-rating in certain circumstances. Based on realistic accuracy model （RAM） and weighted-average model （WAM）, the focal observation summarized factors that might influence the accuracy of observer＇s rating such as familiarity, quality of relationship with the target, the visibility of a trait, and assumed similarity. Moreover, we suggested several ways that might help in solving the problems of the current investigations. For instance, sampling in a wide range, enhancing the ecological validity in different circumstances and adopting multiple strategies to assess personality should be considered in future research.