多维贫困的理论基础、测度方法及实践进展

Theoretical Basis,Measurement Methods and Practice Progress of Multidimensional Poverty

Sen的可行能力理论从哲学高度来界定贫困概念,超越了经济学、社会学、政治学等单一学科,构建了多维贫困的理论基础;多维贫困理论是对发展贫困理论的发展和超越,同时,公理性条件的提炼则为多维贫困测度奠定了科学基础。满足公理性条件和易于操作是多维贫困测度方法开发应遵循的基本原则,目前,Watts方法和A-F方法因其具有的良好性质而被广泛应用。各国在多维贫困测度实践上发展不平衡,处于多维贫困研究前沿的国家的多维贫困测度实践也开展得较好,相反,印度、中国等贫困人口大国却相对滞后。应进一步深化多维贫困理论研究,继续开发和完善多维贫困测度方法,并积极展开以多维减贫为目标的发展模式和减贫政策研究。

Sen＇ s feasible capacity theory, which defines poverty concept from philosophy perspective, transcends single subject like economics, sociology and politics and so on, and builds the basis of multidimensional poverty theory. Multidimensional poverty theory is the development and transcendence of development poverty theory, meanwhile, axiomatic condition refinement lays the scientific basis for multidimensional poverty measurement. The basic principle for multidimensional poverty measurement method development is to satisfy axiomatic condition and easily operate, currently, Watts method and A-F method, with good features, are widely applied. The development of multidimensional poverty measurement practice in each country is not balanced, the countries at advancing front of multidimensional poverty research are good at multidimensional poverty measurement practice, on the contrary, India and China and so on, with big poor population, lag behind. The world should further deepen the research on multidimensional poverty theory, continue to develop and perfect multidimensional poverty measurement method, and actively conduct the research on development model and poverty-alleviation policies targeted by multidimensional poverty-alleviation.