过敏性紫癜兔模型的免疫学改变及机制初探

Preliminary observation of immunological changes and mechanism in the rabbit models of Henoch-Schnlein purpura

目的通过对过敏性紫癜兔模型免疫学改变的初步研究,探讨该病的免疫学发病机制。方法通过对过敏性紫癜兔模型进行血常规检测、ELISA方法检测免疫细胞及细胞因子CD3、CD4、CD8、CD4/CD8、IL-2、TNF-α含量;免疫荧光方法检测皮肤、肾脏免疫球蛋白IgA,IgG及补体C3;肾小球Masson染色、PAS染色;皮肤、肺组织的Luna染色等,并与对照组进行比较分析。结果与对照组相比,模型组兔血白细胞(WBC)增多,中性粒细胞(NEU)及百分比增高,嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)及百分比增高,嗜碱性粒细胞增多等,差别均具有统计学意义;外周血CD3+T淋巴细胞含量减少,CD4+T淋巴细胞含量减少,CD8+T淋巴细胞含量增多,CD4+/CD8+比值下降,细胞因子IL-2水平下降,TNF-α水平升高,差别均具有统计学意义;皮肤、肾脏免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、C3表达增多;肾小球胶原纤维增生,系膜增厚,系膜基质增多;皮肤真皮层及肺组织内嗜酸性粒细胞表达增多。结论将为明确其发病机制,临床诊断和疗效观察找出新的指标,选择适当的治疗方案提供有价值的理论依据。

Objective The purpose of this study was to preliminarily explore the immunological changes in the rabbit models of Henoch-Schnlein purpura（ allergic purpura） and its pathogenetic mechanism. Methods Twenty-four healthy 1. 5-month-old rabbits with normal body temperature and metabolism were used in this study. Routine blood test was performed and the amount of lymphocytes was counted. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ ELISA） was used to measure the cytokines CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4 / CD8,IL-2,and TNF-α. Immunofluorescence assay was done to detect IgA,IgG and C3 in the skin and kidney. Masson and PAS stainings were used to examine the pathological changes of renal glomeruli,and Luna staining was used to examine the skin and lung tissues. The results of the experimental group were compared with that of the control group. Results Compared with the control group,the rabbits of model group presented increased number of white blood cells（ WBC）,neutrophils（ NEU） and the percentage of eosinophils（ EOS） and basophilic granulocytes（ BAS）,showing statistically significant differences between the two groups. The content of peripheral blood CD3＋ and CD4＋T lymphocytes was decreased,CD8＋T lymphocytes increased,the CD4＋/ CD8＋ ratio and IL-2 level were decreased,and TNF-α increased,all had statistically significant differences between the two groups. The expression of IgA,IgG,and C3 in the skin and kidney was increased. The renal glomeruli showed proliferation of collagen fibers,mesangial thickening,and increased mesangial matrix. The number of eosinophils in the dermis and lung tissues was increased. Conclusions There are immune dysfunction,changes in immune cells and cytokines in the rabbit models of Henoch-Schonlein purpura.These results will provide a valuable basis for clarifying pathogenesis of HSP,finding out new diagnostic indicators,therapeutic effect observation and selecting appropriate treatment options.