包头市小白河湿地斑块变化特征分析

Change Characteristics of Xiaobaihe Wetland Patches in Baotou City

在遥感与地理信息系统的支持下,从2002和2009年LANDSAT TM影像中提取包头市黄河湿地中的小白河湿地信息。采用文献对比分析法选取最能表征湿地斑块典型生态意义的景观格局指数,结合Excel 2010计算湿地景观指数,在此基础上分析小白河湿地斑块变化特征。研究表明:在包头市黄河湿地保护政策引导下,黄河湿地恢复工程取得显著成效,其中代表性的小白河湿地斑块总面积和平均斑块面积逐渐递增,斑块的破碎化程度明显降低,景观的异质性明显减弱,斑块的拼合性和连通性极大地提高,湿地逐渐由离散分布向团聚分布变化,水域面积明显扩展,为黄河湿地生态恢复提供了良好的水文资源基础。研究成果可为包头市以及干旱-半干旱区黄河湿地生态恢复与国家级黄河湿地公园建设提供参考。

Extracted information of Xiaobaihe wetland （XBW） in the Yellow River wetland （YRW） in Baotou city from 2002 and 2009 LANDSAT TM images in support of remote sensing and geographic information systems, to select landscape indices which can characterize typical ecological significance of wetland patches with literature comparative analysis, It includes the perimeter area index, density index, shape index, and calculated wetland landscape indices with Excel 2010. On this basis, analyzed change characteristics of patches in XBW. The result showed that restoration project has achieved remarkable results in the YRW with the YRW policy guidance of Bao- tou city, One representative of the XBW total area and average area of patches was gradually increased, degree of fragmentation in wetland patches was significantly lower, wetland landscape heterogeneity was significantly weak- ened, flatten and connectivity of wetland patches has greatly improved, XBW changes from the discrete distribution to reunion gradually, water area was expanded significantly, a good basis of the hydrological resources was provided in YRW restoration. The research results would provide reference for the YRW restoration