云南茶树资源生化多样性分析

Biochemical Diversity of Tea Plant Germplasm Resources from Yunnan,China

对茶Camellia sinensis 104份(含其变种阿萨姆茶Camellia sinensis var.assamica 87份,大理茶Camellia taliensis 15份)分别进行水浸出物、咖啡碱、茶多酚和氨基酸总量分析。结果表明,云南茶种、阿萨姆茶种质资源生化性状有明显差异,表现出显著的生化多样性,多样性水平较高,而大理茶生化性状多样性则相对较低。水浸出物等4个性状的平均变异系数为阿萨姆茶(15.42%)>茶(15.22%)>大理茶(12.68%)。对云南主要茶区阿萨姆茶种质进行茶叶水浸出物、咖啡碱、茶多酚和氨基酸总量等分析揭示,不同茶区茶树种质资源间存在一定差异。水浸出物等4个茶叶主要生化性状平均变异系数为版纳茶区(18.37%)>普洱茶区(13.33%)>滇西茶区(11.58%)。版纳茶区生化性状多样性最丰富,水浸出物和茶多酚平均值为3个茶区中最高。

Diversity analysis including aqueous extract, tea polyphenol, caffeine and amino acid of tea plant germplasm resources from Yunnan were conducted based on biochemical data. The results showed that there were significant difference among Camellia sinemis, C. sinensis var. assamica and C. taliensis germplasm. The coefficient of variation of var. assam/ca （87 individuals） calculated from biochemical data was estimated to be 15.42 % on average, while the study of C. taliensis （ 15 individuals） showed lower level of diversity than that of C. vat a.uamica. The variation coefficient of biochemical characters was estimated to be 12.68 % on average. The coefficient of variation of var. assamica from Xishuangbanna district calculated from biochemical data was estimated to be 18.37 % on average, which was higher than that of var. a.ssamica from Puer city and Dianxi district separately, with a 13.33 % and 11.58 % on average.