野生长果桑种质资源考察及繁育技术研究

Study on Breeding Technique and Investigation of Wild Morus laevigata Wall Germplasm Resources

考察了滇南地区113份长果桑资源材料,其中66份开雌花并结果,47份开雄花,果长最长达18 cm。66份开雌花结果的桑椹中有44份结实,27份发芽,通过嫁接和扦插,育苗成功率分别达到92.42%和87.9%。对27份具有代表性材料经嫁接后与野生株进行比较,嫁接株大都表现出米条长产果量减少、果形和叶幅略变大、1年生枝条节距变短等幼龄化现象,充分利用长果桑种的特殊经济价值,对促进蚕桑产业的多元化发展具有积极重要意义。

In this paper, 113 wild long fruit mulberry （Morus laevigata Wall） resources in south of Yunnan Province were investigated. The results showed that 66 samples of them produced female flower and fruit, the other 47 samples produced male flowers, and the longest fruit reached to 18 cm. Among the 66 resources producing female flower and fruit, 44 samples yielded seeds, and 27 samples could germinate. 92.42 % of them survived after grafting and 87.9 % of them had the rooting ability. In comparison with wild long fruit mulberry, most of the 27 representative materials which were reproduced through grafting rejuvenated; it was concretely represented in the following aspects： reduced output of fruit per meter branch, bigger size of fruit, wider leaf and shorter intemodal distance of annual branches. Making full use of the special economic value of long fruit mulberry had important significance in promoting the diversified development of serieulture industry.