药食兼用植物玛咖生长动态变化研究

Study on the Growth Dynamic of Medicine-Food Dual Used Maca (Lepidum meyenii)

为了探明玛咖植株生长动态变化规律,在玛咖育苗移栽后,每隔1个月左右进行田间随机取样测定各器官生长量。结果表明:8—11月为玛咖快速生长时期,玛咖叶鲜重和干重随生长进程呈倒"V"型变化,块根鲜重和干重呈"S"型变化;玛咖叶片数、最大叶长、叶鲜重和叶干重均在11月中旬达到最大值,玛咖块根长、块根直径、块根鲜重和块根干重均在次年1月达到最大。玛咖叶鲜重和干重占全株鲜重和干重比率随生长进程都呈减少趋势,块根鲜重和干重占全株鲜重和干重比率与之相反。玛咖鲜干比随生长进程呈降低趋势,根冠比呈增加趋势。次年1月收获玛咖可以获得块根最高产量。

To study the growth dynamic of Maca （Lepidum meyenii）, the research was conducted. After seedling transplanting, the plant samples were selected through a random sampling method to measure the growth rate of each organ about once a month. The results showed that： Maca rapidly grew from August to November. And the growth trends of the leaves＇ fresh and dry weight were like an inverse‘V＇, however, the trends of the roots＇ fresh and dry weight were like a‘S＇. The leaves＇ number and maximum length, as well as their fresh and dry weight, reached their maximum in the middle of November. And the roots＇ length and diameter, as well as their fresh and dry weigh, reached their maximum in January of the following year. The ratios of both leaves＇ fresh weight and dry weight according to whole weight tended to decrease with the growth stages advance, while that of the roots＇ were opposite. There was a downtrend result could be observed for the proportion of fresh weight to dry weight of Maca, while the trend of ratio of root to shoot was upwards with the growth stages advance. When harvested in January of the following year, the yield of roots was the highest.