脂联素基因＋45T／G多态性对妊娠期糖尿病发生及其新生儿体质量的影响

Association of adiponectin gene polymorphisms ＋ 45T/G with gestational diabetes mellitus and neonate birth weight

目的探讨脂联素基因＋45T／G多态性对妊娠期糖尿病的发生及其新生儿体重的影响。方法对DNA提取成功的264例妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）及172例血糖正常的单胎孕妇作为研究对象，进行基因测序，并比较了两组孕妇的脂联素＋45T／G各基因型及等位基因频率。根据妊娠结局，把GDM患者根据新生儿出生体质量分3组（体质量／〉4000、3000—4000及〈3000g），并分析3组GDM孕妇脂联素＋45T／G基因多态性分布情况。结果脂联素＋45T／G各基因型及等位基因频率在妊娠期糖尿病和血糖正常孕妇两组间差异无统计学意义，P〉0．05；脂联素SNP＋45T／G各基因型，3组不同新生儿体质量的GDM组间差异无统计学意义，P〉0．05。新生儿体质量≥4000及3000～4000g2个组中T等位基因携带频率分别为68．8％，72．9％，明显高于新生儿体质量〈3000g组（29．3％），均P〈0．01；脂联素SNP＋45T／G基因多态性在发生巨大儿的GDM组和血糖正常孕妇组差异无统计学意义，均P〉0．05。结论脂联素基因＋45T／G多态性与GDM发生无明显相关；GDM患者脂联素基因SNP＋45T／G多态性与新生儿体质量存在一定的关系；而和正常孕妇相比，GDM孕妇发生巨大儿的危险与脂联素基因SNP＋45T／G多态性无明显相关性。

Objective To determine the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） ＋ 45T/G of adiponectin gene with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） and neonate birth weight. Methods A total of 264 GDM and 272 pregnant women with normal glucose （NG） were enrolled. DNA was successfully extracted from peripheral blood leucocyte samples. And SNPs ＋ 45T/G of adiponectin gene were examined. We also analyzed differences in the genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies in SNP ＋ 45T/G of adiponectin gene among GDM group with different neonate birth weights. Results There was no significant difference between two groups with respects to SNP ＋ 45T/G polymorphisms of adiponectin gene （P 〉 0. 05）. But significant genotypic difference existed in SNP ＋ 45T/G among three GDM groups with different birth weights. Frequencies of T allele were significantly higher in the GDM group with higher birth weight, 68. 75% in GDM group with macrosomia and 72. 86% in GDM group with 3000 -4000 g birth weight （both P 〈 0.01 ）. And there was no significant difference in SNP ＋ 45T/G polymorphisms of adiponectin gene between GDM women and NG group with macrosomia. Conclusion SNP ＋ 45T/G polymorphisms of adiponectin gene are not associated with GDM. However, SNP ＋ 45T/G polymorphisms of adiponectin gene of GDM women are closely associated with neonate birth weigh. The G/T polymorphisms of SNP ＋ 45 of adiponectin are not obviously associated with a higher occurrence of macrosomia in GDM women.