不同成分洗胃液对口服百草枯急性中毒兔的洗胃疗效比较

Comparison of Different Lavage Fluids in Treatment of Oral Paraquat-induced Acute Toxicosis in Rabbits

目的 探讨不同成分洗胃液对兔口服百草枯急性中毒的洗胃疗效.方法 48只日本大耳白兔按随机数字表法分为4组,每组12只.灌胃高剂量百草枯,在灌胃后10 min启动洗胃.对照组不洗胃,其余3组在灌胃10 min 后分别用清水（清水洗胃组）、30%漂白土溶液（漂白土洗胃组）或30%的泥浆水（泥浆水洗胃组）进行充分洗胃.分别在洗胃后30 min,1、2、4、6、12、24 h时抽取兔血1 mL,测定兔血中百草枯质量浓度.结果 对兔灌胃百草枯后,兔血百草枯浓度30 min即明显升高,2～4 h左右达到峰值.经过洗胃,清水洗胃组血中百草枯质量浓度明显低于对照组（P=0.027）,而漂白土及泥浆水洗胃组血中百草枯质量浓度明显低于清水组（P=0.025、P=0.038）;漂白土洗胃组与泥浆水洗胃组血中百草枯质量浓度差异无统计学意义（P=0.172）.结论 对兔口服百草枯急性中毒,漂白土及泥浆水洗胃疗效优于清水洗胃.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of different lavage fluids on oral pa- raquat-indueed acute toxicosis in rabbits. Methods Forty-eight Japanese white rabbit were ran- domly divided into four groups, with 12 rabbits in each group. Rabbits were orally given high dose of paraquat to induce acute toxicosis. After 10 minutes,rabbits were lavaged with clear water （clear water group）,30% bleaching earth solution （bleaching earth solution group）, or muddy water （muddy water group）. Rabbits in control group were not given gastric lavage. Blood sam- ples （1 mL） were collected to determine paraquat concentrations at 0. 5,1,2,4,6,12 and 24 hours after gastric lavage. Results Plasma paraquat concentrations obviously increased 30 minutes after gastric lavage and reached the peak 2-4 hours after gastric lavage. Compared with control group, plasma paraquat concentrations significantly decreased in clear water group （P=0. 027）. Com- pared with clear water group, plasma paraquat concentrations significantly decreased in bleaching earth solution group and muddy water group （P=0. 025 and P=0.038,respectively）. No signifi- cant difference was found between bleaching earth solution group and muddy water group （P= 0. 172）. Conclusion Both bleaching earth solution and muddy water were superior to clear water for gastric lavage in oral paraquat-induced acute toxicosis in rabbits.