铜绿假单胞菌肺部感染的临床分布及耐药性变迁

Clinical Distribution and Change of Drug Resistance of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Causing Lung Infection

目的了解铜绿假单胞菌肺部感染的临床科室分布及耐药性,为临床抗菌药物合理应用提供依据。方法对该院2010—2012年临床痰及咽拭子培养分离的482株铜绿假单胞菌进行药敏试验,分析其科室分布及耐药情况。结果 482株铜绿假单胞菌临床分布以呼吸科、ICU、神经外科和肿瘤科为主(75.7%)。对13种抗生素耐药率以亚胺培南(18.5%)最低;对阿米卡星、头孢他啶、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、庆大霉素和妥布霉素耐药率在30.0%以下;对头孢噻肟和头孢曲松耐药率在90%以上。结论铜绿假单胞菌在各科室均有分布,对13种抗菌药物存在不同程度的耐药性,对三代头孢菌素耐药率呈升高趋势。

Objective To understand the clinical distribution and drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa causing lung infection so as to provide basic evidence for clinical reasonable usage of antibiotics. Methods A total of 482 strains of paeruginosa isolated from clinical sputum and pharyngeal swab in our hospital from 2010 to 2012 were collected. The department distribution and antibiotics resistance of the p.aeruginosa were analyzed by the drug sensitive test. Results 482 strains of p.aeruginosa were mainly from respiratory, ICU, neurosurgery and oncology （75.7%）. Comparing 13 kinds of the drug resistance to antibiotics, the drug resis- tant rate to imipenem （18.5%） was the lowest; the drug resistant rates to amikacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin/tazobactam, gentamicin and tobramycin were less than 30.0%; the drug resistant rates to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were higher than 90%. Conclusion The distribution of p.aeruginosa is wide, and the drug resistant rates to 13 kinds of antibiotics have different degrees, the drug resistant rate to three generations of cephalosporins shows an increasingly upward tendency.