昭通市城市建设层适宜性综合研究及其未来发展方向的选择

SYNTHETIC STUDY ON SUITABILITY OF URBAN CONSTRUCTION'S LAYER OF ZHAOTONG CITY AND ITS DEVELOPING DIRECTION IN THE FUTURE

昭通市未来城市建设层的适宜性和发展方向应该受自然环境、经济和社会因素 3个方面因素的控制 ,它们决定了城市建设层的功能的需求。通过影响昭通市建设层的自然环境状况、城市经济和社会发展现状和在建或将建的几个重大工程对城市建设发展的影响程度等几个方面 ,对昭通市城市建设层的适宜性进行了综合评价 ,划分了城市建设层的适宜区和功能区区划。文章认为 :(1)昭通市所处的地质、地理环境是相对脆弱的 ,资源开发和城市建设与地质、地理环境的优化已经具有很大的不协调性。 (2 )原来的昭通市城市发展规划中把未来城市发展定位为以褐煤资源开发为中心的发展模式存在很多弊端和经济风险。 (3)昭通市所处的社会经济发展现状表明本区经济结构正处于重大调整阶段。促使城市发展调整的动力 ,有经济发展的本身需求动力 ,也有外部机遇的刺激 (国家重大工程的实施 )。本区发展动力主要来源于后者。但是重大工程的实施 ,必将带来环境恶化等负面效应。文章综合研究认为 ,现阶段褐煤的大规模开发策略是不可取的 ,水利、交通等的发展才是首要选择。 (4 )昭通市将来的发展更可能是以高效农业为基础 ,利用其区域中心城市、物资集散地、交通枢纽的区位优势和廉价的劳动力 ,充分发展运输、资讯、商业、娱乐。

There are three factors that mainly affecting the urban developing and suitability of the Zhaotong construction's layer, such as the functions of land and their changes: the natural environmental background, the present economic situation and the social factor. The synthetic assessment on suitability and planning of the urban functions of the Zhaotong construction's layer, supporting by GIS technology, are put forward. In the meantime, the characteristics of natural environment in the construction's layer, the situation of the urban economic and social development and the important changes making by several national engineering projections, and affecting the urban construction's layer, are discussed. The article draws conclusions that(1)the geologic and geographic environment of Zhaotong City is very vulnerable. It was getting more and more inharmonious between the resource exploitation, urban construction and optimizing of the geologic and geographic environment. (2) There are many problems in the former urban developing planning outline, in which, it was suggested that Zhaotong City should become a coal industrial center. (3) The economic structure should be adjusted at once because of the current economic and social situation. One force that caused the adjustment is the demand for the further development. Another one is the external stimulation by national engineering projections. Although the main force at present is the latter one, the practicing of these engineering projections may induce much negative effect on environment changes. So it is a good idea to build facility of communication and irrigation works primarily, instead of exploiting the coal resource in large scale at present. (4) Based on the high efficient agriculture, and benefit from the advantage of the location in the future, the cheap labor cost, Zhaotong City should become the regional center of the goods, materials distribution and transportation. And at last becomes a ecological city. Urban construction must be firmly connected with the human environment and natural environment in urban planning. The choice of the Zhaotong City's direction of developing must only be sustainable development.