现代地貌学的发展与思考

DEVELOPMENT AND TENDENCY OF MODERN GEOMORPHOLOGY

简要回顾了地貌学的发展史 ,认为现代地貌学的发展必须与时代发展趋势相结合 ,需要深入研究地貌演变与全球气候环境变化、区域经济可持续发展以及地球陆地系统的关系。综合分析了地貌学的研究方法 ,认为地貌学的研究方法主要有沉积学方法及动力过程方法。传统地貌学的研究多偏重于沉积学的方法。过去是认识现在的一把钥匙 ,沉积学方法是研究地貌发展历史与过程的有力工具 ,但要深入认识地貌演变的过去与现代动力过程与机制 ,进而预测地貌过程的演变趋势 ,必须采用动力过程分析的方法。动力地貌研究的发展应该汲取过程反映学派及数学地貌学派的经验教训 ,避免过于重视工具 ,本末倒置 ,甚至演变为数学游戏或模型游戏。动力地貌学的研究将彻底改变过去人们眼中对传统地貌学的印象———仅仅是现象描述和宏观分析。动力地貌学通过引进动力学模型、数学模型及地理信息系统等研究方法和技术 ,采用宏观与微观相结合 ,全面深入探讨各种地貌产生、发展的机制和规律。它具有动态性和较强的预测功能 ,从而可以更好地为经济建设和社会实践服务。文中还探讨了地貌学的各个发展方向 ,认为环境地貌、灾害地貌、城市地貌、旅游地貌、河口海岸地貌等应用地貌学分支近年来发展迅猛 ,主要是因为这些分支与经济发展的需求结?

The development history of geomorphology shows that the modern study should pay more attention to the relations among the geomorphologic evolution and globe change,the regional sustainable development,and the Earth system.There are two main methods in geomorphology study:the Sedimentation Analysis (SA) and the Dynamic Process Analysis (DPA). The past is a key to understand the present. SA is a good tool to study the developing history and past processes. However,the DPA is needed to know the past and the modern mechanism of landform evolution,as well as its future tendencies.The DPA has to learn the lessons provided by the foregoers to develop the Quantitative Geomorphology. If the tools are emphasized too much, it will become merely a mathematics game or model play.The DPA will change the impression of traditional landform study from stationary description to dynamic mechanism.Analysis shows that those applied research branches combining well with the economical exploiting are developed very quickly in recent years, such as the Environment and Hazards Geomorphology, Urban Geomorphology, Tour Geomorphology, Estuarine and Coastal Geomorphology etc. However, the theoretical study ought to be strengthened. The problems and future tendencies of geomorphology study are put forward also as conclusions.