科学以及科学文化的“文化缺失”与“文化回复”--兼评刘大椿先生的《科学文化与文化科学》

The “Cultural Default” and “Cultural Renew” of Science and Scientific Culture Comments on Liu Da-chun's Scientific Culture and Civilized Science

近现代科学以及科学文化在成为主流文化的过程中,反抗、破坏乃至摧毁着其他文化传统。不仅如此,科学主义成为霸权文化,造成了科学文化对人文文化的僭越以及科学对人文的僭越。而且,就现代科学文化的内涵分析,一是存在科学的人为"祛文化"现象,如科学对性别、种族等的价值中立;二是负荷了不恰当的社会文化,如消费主义、人类中心主义文化等。鉴此,必须明确科学以及科学文化的文化地位,针对其"文化缺失",进行"文化回复",使其回归人文和自然。这包括:反对科学霸权,消除科学主义文化的负面影响;认清科学人为的"祛文化"状况,明确科学蕴含文化的内涵及其意义;改变科学以及科学文化不恰当的社会文化负荷,引导科学健康发展等。这是"文化科学"的主要内涵。

Modern science and scientific culture revolted, damaged, and even destroyed other cultural traditions when they became mainstream culture. The fact that scientism became hegemonic culture results in the arrogation from scientific culture to humanistic culture and the arrogation from science to humanities. By analyzing the connotation of modern scientific culture, we find that there is a scientific man-made 'cultural removal' phenomenon such as scientific value neutrality of gender, ethnicity and so on, and that there is also inappropriate social culture such as consumerism, anthropocentrism, etc. As a result, we should eliminate the culture hegemony of scientism and clarify the cultural status of science and scientific culture. We should also make a 'cultural renew' against the 'cultural default' of scientific culture to return scientific culture to humanities and nature. It includes the opposition to scientific hegemony, the elimination of the negative effects of the culture of scientism. We should recognize the scientific man-made 'cultural removal' condition, clarify the connotation and meaning of the culture in science, and change the inappropriate social culture of science and scientific culture to guide science to develop healthily. This is the main content of 'civilized science'.