论“豁然贯通”之为实践境界

“Through Comprehension”: A Practical and Moral Realm

朱子的"豁然贯通",说的是其"格物致知"工夫的效验。由于朱子的"理",不是指近代意义上的客观知识,而是指事物之"所当然之则"和"所以然之故",故其"格物致知"相应的就是对事物之"所当然之则"的亲切把握,和对其"所以然之故"的实体亲证,其结果是个人实践判断力和工夫境界的提高。而"豁然贯通"作为格物致知的自然、最终的效验,代表的正是这方面实践境界的极致的理想。

In Chu Hsi's theory, 'Through Comprehension' is the result of 'Obtaining Li through the Investigation of Things',which is a critical kungfu in his moral practices. 'Li' refers not to the objective knowledge in modern sense, but to 'what things ought to be', and 'why it is'. Thus, this kungfu means not only the profound understanding of 'Li' in its experiencial sense, but also the embodiment of 'Li' in its metaphysical sense. This results in an elevation of one's practical judgment and moral realm. Therefore, it is reasonable to say that 'Through Comprehension' represents the highest level, or ultimate end of this kungfu.