靶向超声微泡在卵巢癌诊断治疗中的研究进展

Research Progress of Targeted Ultrasound Microbubble in Ovarian Cancer

卵巢癌病死率居妇科恶性肿瘤之首,因其发病隐匿,80%患者就诊时已属中晚期,因此,对其早期诊断是提高患者生存率的关键因素之一。靶向超声分子显像为早期定性、定位诊断卵巢癌提供了可能。纳米级微泡造影剂具有血管穿透力强和聚集显像特点。将特异性抗体或配体连接到微泡表面,构建出肿瘤靶向性微泡造影剂,当这种造影剂进入体内后,通过配体与受体结合,就能选择性聚集并较长时间驻留于靶组织和器官,从而产生分子水平显像,显著提高了超声对早期病变组织的检测能力。包裹治疗基因、药物的靶向造影剂被超声破坏后,在靶部位释放治疗基因、药物,实现主动和被动靶向,从而提高治疗效果。

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality in the gynecologic malignant tumor. 80% of patients are already in the middle or late stage of ovarian cancer when presenting with symptoms. Qualitative and location diagnosis in the early stages of the cancer is one of the key factors to improve the survival rate of patients. Nano-seale contrast agent has the characteristic of the strong blood vessels penetrating ability and eonfoeal imaging. Tumor-specific targeting mierobubbles could be generated by conjugating tumor-specific antibodies or ligands into the surface of the microbubbles which can results in selectively accumulation, long resident time in cancer tissue, so it can generate a significantly enhanced signal in the target area. Tumor-specific targeting microbubbles entrapped therapeutic genes or drug could be destroyed by ultrasonic wave and released genes or drug in the target site, which results in improving treatment effect.