广义S变换地震频谱分解计算方法及应用

Calculation Method and Application of Seismic Spectrum Decomposition Based on Generalized S Transform

广义S变换依据地震信号的特征,用振幅、能量衰减率、能量延迟时间及视频率四类参数构造基本小波,克服了S变换中基本小波固定不变的缺点,是一种高分辨率的时频变换。论文研究将广义S变换用于地震频谱分解,形成了广义S变换地震频谱分解算法和流程。广义S变换频谱分解技术不受时窗长度的限制,大大提高了抗噪性、稳定性和分辨率。实际算例证明,广义S变换地震频谱分解对河道等地质现象的刻画精度要大大高于傅氏变换频谱分解方法,是石油地震勘探中薄层储集体预测的有效手段。

The generalized S transform is a kind of high resolution time-frequency transform because its advantages with which the mother wavelet is constructed with four types parameters（amplitude, decay rate of energy, delayed time of energy and apparent frequency） according to the characteristics of the seismic signal so that the shortcoming of changelessness of mother wavelet in S transform is overcame. In this paper, a new seismic spectrum decomposition algorithm and process is presented based on the generalized S transform. The General- ized S transform spectrum decomposition technique is not limited by time window length, so the ability of anti-noise, stability and resolution are greatly improved. The results of field data processing showe that the predicting accuracy for the geological anomaly such as the channel u- sing the generalized S transform seismic spectrum decomposition is much higher than Fourier transform spectral decomposition method does. The generalized S transform seismic spectrum decomposition is an effective approach for identifying thin-bedded reservoir in oil seismic explo- ration.