永胜县云南红豆杉分布区植物群落物种多样性及群落特征

Diversity and Characteristics of Plants Community in Taxus yunnanensis Distribution Area of Yongsheng County

采用样方调查法对永胜县云南红豆杉分布区植物群落的物种多样性及群落特征进行研究。结果表明，7个样方（共4200m^2）中，记录到维管植物104种，隶属41科75属；从物种多样性指数的平均值来看，物种丰富度（S）、多样性（H＇）、均匀度（E）、优势度（D）均表现为灌木层〉草本层〉乔木层。总体来看，7个样方相同层次的物种多样性差异较大；在调查地云南红豆杉作为伴生种出现于6种类型的群落中，群落垂直结构明显，可划分为乔木层、灌木层和草本层。其中乔木层又可划分为2～3个亚层；主要树种多变石栎和云南红豆杉种群表现为衰退型种群。建议加强对其种质资源的保护，开展云南红豆杉更新适宜环境研究，规划适宜地块进行人工繁育，扩大种群规模。

families and 75 genera; The performance of species diversity average index of species richness （S） , diversity （H＇） , evenness （E） , dominance （D） showed shrub layer 〉 herb layer 〉 tree layer. The difference of species diversity in 7 plots same level was significant ; In the investigation of Taxus yunnanensis as a companion species in six types of communities, results showed community vertical structure was obviously, and could be divided into tree layer, shrub layer and herbaceous layer, in which tree layer could be divided into two to three sub-layers; Main tree populations were varied, and population of lithocarpus and Taxus belonged to declining population. Suggestions to strengthen the protection of its germplasm resources, to carry out the appropriate environmental for Taxus yunnanensis population, conduct artificial breeding and expand population size were proposed.