团体健康教育对乳腺癌放疗患者出院后的指导价值分析

Value of Group Health Education for the Discharge Guidance of Breast Cancer Patients with Radiotherapy

【目的】探讨团体健康教育在乳腺癌放疗患者出院指导中的应用效果。【方法】本院2008年1月至2009年6月38例乳腺癌放疗患者作为对照组，出院时予以口头健康教育；2009年7月至2013年1月的42例乳腺癌放疗患者为观察组，出院时进行团体健康教育，每次4～5住患者，由专业医师宣讲相关知识、小组对话、个别指导。比较两种不同方法的出院指导对患者康复指导依从性及并发症发生率的影响。【结果】观察组患者出院后按时复查、上肢功能锻炼、饮食保健等内容的依从率分别为85．7％、97．6％、92．9％，较对照组依从率65．8％、81．6％、57．9％高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组患者皮肤反应、放射性肺炎、骨髓抑制、食欲减退等并发症发生率分别为2．3％、0．0、2．4％、4．8％，较对照组21．1％、15．8％、18．4％、23．7％低，有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。【结论】团体健康教育出院指导对加强患者坚持康复功能锻炼的主观意识，提高患者的依从性，减少并发症的发生有积极意义。

[Objective] To explore the efficacy of group health education for discharge guidance of breast cancer patients with radiotherapy. [MethodslA total of 38 breast cancer patients with chemotherapy in our hospital from Jan. 2008 to June 2009 were selected as the control group and given oral health education at discharge. Other 42 breast cancer patients with chemotherapy from July 2009 to Jan. 2013 were selected as observation group and given group health education at discharge. The related knowledge, group dialogue and individual guidance were introduced to 4%5 patients every time by a medical professional. The effect of two methods on rehabilitation guidance compliance arid the incidence of complications of patients were compared, [Results]The compliance of re-examination on time, upper limb function exercise, diet and health in observation group after discharge were 85.7%, 97.6% and 92.9% respectively, which were higher than those in control group（65.8%, 81.6% and 57.9N, respectively）, and there was significant difference（ P 〈0.05）. The inci- dence of complications including skin reaction, radioactive pneumonia, bone marrow suppression and loss of appetite in observation group（2.3 %, 0.0, 2.4 % and 4.8 %, respectively） were also lower than those in control group（21.1%, 15.8%, 18.4% and 23. 7%, respectively）, and there were significant differences（ P 〈 0.05）. [Conclusion] Group health education can strengthen the subjective awareness of persisting in rehabilitation functional exercise, improve the compliance and reduce the incidence of complications of patients.