反复呼吸道感染患儿病原茵分布及耐药性分析

Analysis of the Distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Resistance of Pediatric Patients with Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infection

【目的】调查研究近两年惠州市第一妇幼保健院反复呼吸道感染患儿病原菌分布及耐药性情况。【方法】选取2011年1月至2013年6月于本院进行治疗的112例反复呼吸道感染患儿为研究对象，将其中病原菌检出及分布情况进行分析，同时分析病原菌的耐药性情况。【结果】112例患儿共检出132株病原菌，其中革兰阴性菌（G）检出率为74．24％（98／132）显著高于革兰阳性菌（G＋）检出率25．76％（34／132），且两者相比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。同时病原菌对常见的几类抗生素的耐药率也存在明显的差异（P均〈0．05）。G-除对氨苄西林耐药性最高外，对头孢曲松及复方新诺明的耐药性也达到了50％以上，而G-对氨苄西林的耐药性最高，其次则为复方新诺明和红霉素。[结论]2011年1月至2013年6月本院反复呼吸道感染患儿病原菌仍以G-为主，且G＋和G-的耐药性情况也各有特点。

[Objective]To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of pediatric patients with recurrent respiratory tract infection in first maternal and child health hospital of Huizhou city in recent 2 years. [Methods]Totally 112 pediatric patients with recurrent respiratory tract infection in our hospital from Jan. 2011 to June 2013 were selected as research objects. The detection and distribution situation of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed. Meanwhile, the drug resistance situation of pathogenic bacteria was analyzed. [Results] The 132 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected from 112 pediatric patients. The detection rate of Gram-negative bacteria （74.24%, 98/132） was markedly higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria（25.76%, 34/132）, and there was significant difference（ P 〈0.05）. There was also significant difference in the drug resistance rate of pathogenic bacteria for common antibiotics（all P〈0.05）. Beside the drug resistance of Gram-negative bacteria for ampicillin was the highest, the drug resistance for ceftriaxone and trimesulf was up to more than 50%. However, the drug resistance of Gram-positive bacteria for ampicillin was the highest, and that for trimesulf and erythromycin was the second. [Conclusion]The main pathogenic bacteria of pediatric patients with recurrent respiratory tract infection in our hospital from Jan. 2011 to June 2013 is Gram-negative bacteria. The drug resistance of Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria has their own characteristics.