1Hundah l SA,Fleming ID,Fremgen AM. A National Cancer Data Vase report on 53,856 cases of thyroid carcinoma treated in the U.S.A 1985-1995[J].{H}CANCER,1998,(12):2638-2648.
3Shuntaro I,Mikihaiu F,Yoshto U. B-raf,a new mem-ber of the raf family is activated by DNA rearrangement[J].{H}Molecular and Cellular Biology,1988,(6):2651-2654.
4Davies H,Bignell GR,Cox C. Mutations of the BRAF gene in hum an cancer[J].{H}NATURE,2002,(6892):949-954.
5Cohen Y,Rosenbaum E,Clark DP. Mutational analy-sis of BRAF in fine needle aspiration biopsies of the thyroid:A potential application for the preoperative assessment of thy-roid nodules[J].{H}Clinical Cancer Research,2004,(8):2761-2765.
6Xing MZ,Westra WH,Tufano RP. BRAF mutation predict s a poorer clinical prognosis for papillary thyroid canc-er[J].{H}Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism,2005,(12):6373-6379.
4Hundahl SA, Fleming ID, Fremgen AM, et al. A national cance data base report on 53 856 eases of thyroid carcinoma treated in the U. S, 1985-1995. Cancer,1998,83: 2638-2648.
5Peyssonnaux C, Eychene A. The RAF/MEK/ERK pathway: new concepts of activation. Biol Cell ,2001,93: 53-62.
6Duesbery NS, Webb CP, Vande Woude GF. MEK wars, a new front in the battle against cancer. Nat Med,1999,5 : 736-742.
7Cohen Y, Rosenbaum E, Clark DP, et al. Mutational analysis of BRAF in fine needle aspiration biopsies of the thyroid: a potential application for the preoperative assessment of thyroid nodules, Clin Can Res,2004,10 : 2761-2765.
8Xing MZ, Tufano RP, Tufaro AP, et al. Detection of BRAF mutation on fine needle aspiration biopsy specimens: a new diagnostic tool for papillary thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2004,89 : 2867-2872.
9Davies H, Bignell GR, Cox C,et al. Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer, Nature,2002,417-949.
10Xing MZ. BRAF mutation in thyroid cancer. Endocrine-Related Cancer ,2005,12 : 245-262.
4Singer S1, Lincke T, Gamper E, et al . Quality of life in pa- tients with cancer compared with the general population [J]. Thyroid, 2012, 22(2): 117-124.
5Husson O, Haak HR, Oranje WA, et al. Health-related quality of life among thyroid cancer survivors: a systematic review[J]. Clin Endocrinol (Off), 2011,75(4) : 544 -554.
6Naylor MD, Stephens C, Bowles KH, et al . Cognitively im- paired older adults: from hospital to home [J]. Am J Nuts, 2005, 105(2): 52-62.