水电工程建设对土壤理化性质的影响研究——以金安桥水电站为例

Study on the Impact of Hydropower Projects to Soil Physical-chemical Properties——Case Study for Jin Anqiao Hydropower Station Project

为研究水电工程建设对土壤理化性质的影响,选取金安桥水电站重塑地貌2#弃渣场和3#弃渣场的土壤为研究对象,未受工程施工扰动的灌草丛、林地和农田的原地貌土壤作为对照,对土壤理化性质进行测定,结果显示:①土壤容重为重塑地貌大于其原地貌;②总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度为原地貌高于其重塑地貌,非毛管孔隙度则相反;③重塑地貌2#和3#渣场的表层渣体粒径都较粗,>5mm粒径的颗粒组成百分比就达到64.53%和65.11%,比例不合理,而原地貌农田的土壤粒径组成基本呈正态分布;④土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮、速效钾含量均为原地貌大于重塑地貌,而全磷、速效磷含量则相反。研究结果表明水电工程建设对土壤理化性质影响较大。

In order to study the impact of hydropower construction on soil physical and chemical properties, taking the soil at 2# and 3# Dumping pile Jinanqiao Hydropower Station as the research object, it was determined the soil physical and chemical properties by comparing with the original landform soil at shrub, woodland and farmland,. The results showed： （1） The soil bulk density indicated the dumping pile was greater than the original landscape; （2）total porosity and capillary porosity at original landform was higher than the dumping pile, but the non -capillary porosity was the opposite; （3）The particles of 2# and 3# Dumping pile are coarse, the percentage of 〉 5mm diameter particles reached 64.53% and 65.11%, the proportion was unreasonable. The original landscape of farmland the percentage of diameter particles appeared a normal distribution; （4）soiE1 organic matter, total nitrogen, hydrolysable nitrogen, availa- ble potassium at the dumping pile were greater than that at the original landform, and total phosphorus, available phos- phorus was the opposite. The results showed that hydropower construction has the great impact on the soil physical and chemical properties.