骨及生物材料中的纳米磷酸钙

Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles in Bone and Biomaterials

纳米磷酸钙在自然界骨组织的形成过程中起到了关键作用。尽管骨的类型有所不同,但在其初级结构中的无机成分都是纳米磷酸钙。纳米磷酸钙结构能够给予骨良好的机械性能和生物学活性。在生物体中,无机纳米磷酸钙在有机基质的调控下能定向自组装成特定的生物矿物。体外细胞实验显示小尺寸纳米羟基磷灰石更能促进骨髓基质干细胞的增殖,而同尺寸的结晶型纳米磷酸钙则比无定形磷酸钙更能利于干细胞分化。鉴于纳米磷酸钙具有很好的生物相容性和骨诱导性,可以发展成为理想的生物材料常用于骨组织工程和生物医学。

Calcium phosphate nanopartieles play a key role in the formation ot bone m nature. Almougn mere is significant variation between different types of bone, inorganic components in the primary structure of bone are nano calcium phosphates. Nano-calcium phosphates can confer on bone remarkable mechanical property and bioactivity. In living organisms, inorganic nano calcium phosphate particles, under the control of an organic matrix, can combine into self-assembled biominerals. The in vitro experiments have demonstrated the improved biocompatibility of calcium phosphates in their nano forms. Greater cell proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） is frequently induced by smaller hydroxyapatite （HAP） nanoparticles. HAP improved a better differentiation for MSCs than the amorphous one, ACP, when they are in the same size distribution. Due to its excellent biocompatibility, it is suggest that nano-HAP may be developed as an ideal biomaterial in bone tissue engineering and biomedicine.