老年高血压患者体位性低血压与降压治疗的关系

Relationship between orthostatic hypotension and antihypertensive therapy in the elderly hypertensive population

目的研究老年高血压患者体位性低血压与降压治疗的关系。方法通过对2010年广州军区离退休干部体检，筛选出849例年龄65～100岁的老年高血压患者和325例非高血压患者，对其进行健康问卷调查，并测量卧位、立位后0、2min血压和心率，对体位性低血压的发生率及与降压药物的关系进行分析。结果老年高血压患者体位性低血压的发生率高于非高血压患者[29．4％（250／849）与15．7％（51／325），x^2=3．32，P〈o．011；使用降压治疗与未治疗组体位性低血压的发生率差异无统计学意义[30．5％（220／721）与23．4％（30／128），x^2=2．62，P〉0．05]。结论体位性低血压在老年高血压患者中常见，降压治疗不增加体位性低血压的发生。

Objective To investigate the relationship between orthostatic hypotension （OH） and antihypertensive therapy in the elderly hypertensive population. Methods A total of 1174 elderly retired people （849 cases with hypertension and 325 cases without hypertension） in Guangzhou Military Region underwent health physical examination. All people were surveyed by questionnaires. The orthostatic blood pressure and heart rate were measured in supine position after resting for more than 5 minutes and then at 0 and 2 minutes after standing. Comparative analysis was made on the prevalence of OH and the relationship between OH and antihypertensive therapy. Results A significant difference in the prevalence of OH was observed between hypertensive patients and non- hypertensive patients [29.4% （250/849） vs. 15.7% （51/325）, x2= 23.32, P〈0.01]. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of orthostatic hypotension in patients with versus without antihypertensive therapy [ 30.5 % （ 220/721 ） vs. 23.4 % （ 30/128）, x^2 = 2.62, P 〉 0.05 ] . Conclusions Orthostatic hypotension is common observed in elderly hypertensive patients. Antihypertensive therapy may not increase the prevalence of OH.