汉语歧义句的句法理解策略

Syntactic comprehension strategies in Chinese ambiguous sentences

选取了汉语中常见的偏正和述宾两种能引起歧义的句型,以反应时和正确率作为因变量探讨在这两种句型中句子理解的策略。采用VB编程语言,对所选句子用移动视窗的方法进行呈现。实验结果表明:1在这两种句子中,被试的阅读时间和正确率均没有差异;2在这两种结构句子中,歧义词和解歧词反应时上均有显著差异;3在两种句型中两个歧义词之间的反应时差异非常显著;4偏正结构和述宾结构的句子在不同位置上的解岐词的反应时差异显著;5性别因素的主效应不显著,并且和句型之间也不存在交互作用。以上的实验结果证明人们在阅读刚开始时就已经建立起句法结构,并且对句子的理解是整合的结果,但是对歧义部分的阅读却是即时的。

This study selected two kinds Chinese ambiguous sentence to discuss sentence comprehension strategy, from the view of reaction time and accuracy as dependent variables. The experimental results show that： 1. in both sentences, the subjects of reading time and the correct rate do not differ; 2. in both sentence structure, the reaction time of reconciliation words and ambiguous discrimination ones is significantly different; 3. the difference between two reaction time is very significant; 4. verb modifier structure and sentence structure in different locations on the reaction solution differ; 5. main effect of gender is not significant, and there is no interaction between sentences. These results prove when people are beginning to read, the syntactic structure has been established, and the understanding of the sentence is the result of integration, but some ambiguity in reading is immediate.