CuO-ZnO纳米复合防腐剂对杨木抑菌性能的影响

Study on Antibacterial Properties of Poplar Wood Treated with CuO- ZnO Nanocomposite Preservative

以普通CuO、ZnO粉体为原料,在分散剂柠檬酸铵作用下,用纳米研磨机,通过湿法研磨技术制备CuO-ZnO纳米复合防腐剂,用激光粒度仪检测不同浓度纳米粒子粒径及其分布,参照LY/T 1283—2011研究CuO-ZnO纳米复合防腐剂的抑菌性能,借助扫描电子显微镜观察木材腐朽12周后菌丝生长情况,分析复合防腐剂中药物浓度与木材抑菌性的关系以及防腐剂在木材中的留存率。结果表明:测定纳米复合防腐剂的最小平均粒径为41.7 nm;CuO-ZnO纳米复合防腐剂对白腐菌和褐腐菌均有一定的抑菌性,其处理后木材的防腐性和抗流失性能均较好;药剂浓度达到1.25%时即可达到强耐腐Ⅰ级标准,此时平均载药量为4.81 kg/m3,质量损失率8.2%,符合性能优良的木材防腐剂指标要求。

Taking common CuO and ZnO powder as raw materials, ammonium citrate as dispersant to be pro- cessed with nano grinding machine, the CuO -ZnO nanocomposite preservative was prepared by wet grinding technol- ogy. The size and distribution of nanocomposite particles under different preservative concentrations were measured by ZetaPALS. The decay resistance of CuO - ZnO nanocomposite preservative was studied by referring to ＇ Method of la- boratory test for toxicity of wood preservatives to decay fungi＇ （LY/T1283 -2011 ）, and by means of the scanning e- lectron microscope （SEM） to observe the wood decay mycelia growth after 12 weeks of treatment. The average parti- cle diameter of the nanocomposite preservative and its left-over ratio were analyzed, the relationship between the par- ticle diameter and the decay resistance of the timber was studied. The results showed that the average minimum parti- cle diameter of the nanocomposite preservative was 41.7 nm, the CuO - ZnO nanocomposite preservative showed some antibacterial property against the white and brown rot fungi, because the treated wood blocks had pretty good decay resistance and leach resistance. The first class of wood decay resistance standard could be met when 1.25% of the nanocomposite preservative was applied, while the average drug loading dosage was 4. 81 kg/m3 （ mass loss rate was 8.2% ）, which could fit the excellent decay resistance indicators for wood product.