论《宋文鉴》存北宋一代文献的编纂意图及其影响

On the Intention of Compilation and Influence of 'The Northern Song Writings as a Mirror'

《宋文鉴》的编纂意图有两种传统说法,第一种是周必大"有补治道"说,第二种是刘克庄"去取多朱意"说,但吕祖谦是以己意编《宋文鉴》,并未按宋孝宗"有补治道"的旨意去编纂,吕祖谦与朱熹学术思想不同,朱熹对《宋文鉴》的编纂也多有批评,所以传统的两种说法均不对。从吕祖谦编《宋文鉴》时的史官身份,《宋文鉴》大量增选《宋文海》遗落文献、基本不选《宋文海》已选文献,以及《宋文鉴》资料来源广泛,有意搜求真实历史文献,可以看出《宋文鉴》的编纂意图是存北宋一代文献,形成了"包括全代,与史相辅"的特点,南宋后期及明代出现的以一己之力编选一代文献的选本显然是受到了《宋文鉴》存一代文献编纂思想的影响。

There are two kinds of explanation on the intention of ‘The Northern Song Writings as a Mirror’. Zhou Bida said it’s contributing to governance, and Liu Kezhuang said it’s according to Zhuxi’s intention, but Lv Zuqian was based on oneself inten-tion to compile the book, not someone else, even emperor Xiaozong, so the traditional views were incorrect. The intention of ‘The Northern Song Writings as a Mirror’ is saving a generation of writings in earlier Song Dynasty （960-1127）, because Lv Zuqian compiled the book as a historiographer, he added unselected writings largely and widely, besides he deliberately collected the true history of literature, so the book shows the features of embracing a generation of writings and replenishing the lack of historical data. The intention of the book had a far-reaching influence.