中国服务业企业出口与生产率关系——自我选择效应还是出口学习效应

The Export and Productivity of Chinese Service Enterprises: Self-selection Effect or Learning by Exporting Effect?

本文采用2011年中国服务业上市企业数据对企业与生产率的"自我选择"及"出口中学"效应进行实证检验,结果表明:(1)出口是中国服务业企业生产率提升的重要影响因素,同时企业生产率的提升也促进了出口规模的扩大;(2)在分所有制企业的检验中,只有国有企业均支持"自我选择"和"出口中学"假说,而非国有企业只支持"出口中学"假说。中国应该推动服务贸易发展,及时推进国有企业改革,落实反垄断政策。

This paper uses the data of Chinese listed companies in 2011 to test the hypothesis of ＂self- selection＂ and ＂learning by exporting＂ about the relationship of export and productivity in service enterprises. The results indicate that： （1）there are significant impacts of export on productivity of Chinese service enterprises, and the enhancing of productivity will also promote the scale of export trade; （2）the study on enterprises of different ownership shows that the state-owned enterprises both support the hypothesis of ＂self-selection＂ and ＂learning by exporting＂. The non state-owned enterprises only support the ＂learning by exporting＂ hypothesis. China needs to promote the development of trade in services and the reform of state-owned enterprises, and implement anti- monopoly policy.