中国传统文化里的科学方法

Scientific Methods in the Traditional Chinese Culture

中国传统文化中有许多关于方法论的真知灼见,深具现实意义。胡适提出的"大胆假设,小心求证",重点在求证,须广集材料,认真论证。《中庸》的博学、审问、慎思、明辨、笃行,是中国传统文化的精华,符合科学进步的方法模式。《大学》的格物致知,体现着追求真知的科学态度。《孟子》的民本和求故,蕴含着科学和民主的精神。这些思想,需要我们认证学习,融会贯通,方能运用到具体的科学研究中去。

There exist a great many correct and penetrating views of practical significance about methodology in traditional Chinese culture. The methodology of ＂bold hypothesis and careful demonstration＂ put forward by HU Shi focuses on seeking confirmation, extensive collection of materials and serious demonstration. The erudition, scrupulous questioning, careful thinking, discernment and perseverance in The Doctrine of the Mean embody the essence of traditional Chinese culture and accord with the method and progress mode of scientific advances. The Great Learning advocates studying the nature of things, which reflects the scientific attitude of pursuing the truth. The people-oriented and history-examining Mencius conveys the spirit of science and democracy. The application of the ideas mentioned above to real-life scientific research requires our comprehensive study and digestion.