从景德镇龙纹瓷器看明代社会变迁

Research on Social Changes of the Ming Dynasty in Perspective of Dragon pattern Porcelain of Jingdezhen

龙是中华民族流传下来最古老的纹饰之一,被视为皇权的象征,在艺术史上占有重要地位,龙纹也是瓷器上最常见的装饰式样之一。景德镇在明代成为中国的瓷都,官窑与民窑所生产的瓷器都取得了重要的艺术成就。明代在景德镇设立御器厂,专供烧造宫廷瓷器。而景德镇的民窑也蓬勃发展,所生产的瓷器远销海外。作为皇家象征的龙纹瓷器,其艺术风格随着时代背景的变迁而改变。本文利用历史文献、文物图片等大量历史资料对明代龙纹瓷器的艺术特点及演变规律进行分析,并结合历史背景对其原因展开研究。在论述官窑、民窑各自发展脉络的基础上,分析它们之间的联系,从另一个侧面考察明代社会的兴衰承运。

The dragon is one of the most ancient patterns of ornaments in China, which is considered as the symbol of imperial power and therefore takes an important place in the history of art. Designs of drag- on are also one of most common styles in decoration of porcelain. Jingdezhen was the center of porcelain manufacturing in the Ming Dynasty, where official kilns and folk kilns made a magnificent achievement in art. Influenced by complex background, the style of dragon - pattern porcelain changed with the time. With a large number of documents and image data, the paper analyzes the development track of dragon- pattern designs. Meanwhile, this research also pays attention to exploring the reason and background for these changes.