我国优秀田径运动员运动损伤与心理致伤因素的相关性研究

Correlation of physical and psychological injury factors of elite Chinese track and field athletes

通过心理问卷测量、运动损伤数据收集和数理统计等方法,对我国优秀田径运动员运动损伤与心理致伤因素进行了分析和评估,结果显示:1)心理应激因子中运动受伤、比赛失利、日常生活遭遇、内外压力和应激总分与运动损伤之间呈正相关,损伤组的应激得分显著高于非损伤组,提示高应激水平易增加损伤风险。2)心理疲劳各因子与运动损伤之间无明显相关,但损伤组在情绪/体力耗竭、对运动的负评价和心理疲劳总分上与非损伤组有显著差异,提示运动员心理疲劳程度越高越容易增大损伤风险。3)人格特征与运动损伤之间均无相关关系,且损伤组与非损伤组的人格特征也均无显著差异,提示人格特征可能并非是造成运动损伤的直接影响因素。

With the method of psychological questionnaires, data collection and mathematical statistic investigated the injury in the track and field athletes to assess whether psychological factors were re- lated to the increased incidence of injury. The results showed a positive correlation between sport in- jury, defeated in competition, encounter in life, inner and outer pressure and total score of stress. The score of the stress varied greatly high in the injured athletes, which may indicate that higher level of stress could increase the incidence of injury. No obvious correlation was found between the score of the mental fatigue factors and injury, but the score of emotioit/physical exhaustion, sport devaluation and total score of mental fatigue varied greatly high in the injured athletes, which may indicate that higher level of mental fatigue could increase the incidence of injury. No correlation was found be- tween personality and injury, and no significant difference in personality was found between the in- jured and non - injured athletes, which may indicate that personality were not related to the increased incidence of injury.