零售业上市公司全要素生产率增长的实证研究——基于Malmquist指数的分析

Empirical Study on TFP Growth in Chinese Retail Listed Companies Based on an Analysis of Malmquist Index

基于数据包括分析(DEA)的Malmquist指数方法,使用2001—2011年我国51家零售业上市公司11年的面板数据,测算了零售业上市公司的全要素生产率(TFP),并将其分解为技术效率变化(TEC)和技术进步(TC)。研究结果显示,2001—2011年间,零售业上市公司全要素生产率年均增长率为4.1%,主要来源于技术效率的变化;技术效率在11年间提高了3.6%,而技术进步指数仅提高了0.5%。同时,全国七大经济区零售商业上市公司全要素生产率存在显著差异;上市公司业态比较单一,以百货类为主。最后给出了一些提高零售业上市公司效率的建议。

Based on DEA Malmquist Index, by using the panel data of 51 Chinese retail listed companies during the 11 years from 2001 to 2011, this paper estimates the total factor productivity （TFP） of retail listed companies and decomposes it into technical efficiency change （TEC） and technological change （TC）. The results show that during the years from 2001 to 2011, the average annual growth rate of TFP of the retail listed companies is 4. 1% , mainly from the change in technical efficiency which increased by 3.6% during these 11 years, but technological change index increased by only 0. 5%. At the same time, the TFP of retail business listed companies in the 7 major economic zones has significant differences. The listed companies have a relatively simple format, mainly in the form of department store. Finally, the recommendations are rendered in order to improve the efficiency of retail listed companies.