2008～2012年山东省无偿献血HIV感染者/AIDS病人情况调查

Analysis on the Data of HIV/AIDS Cases from Voluntary Blood Donors,Shandong Province,2008-2012

目的分析山东省无偿献血艾滋病(AIDS)病例流行病学特征及传播途径,为阻断HIV经血途径传播提供科学依据。方法对山东省2008～2012年无偿献血AIDS病例的流行病学调查资料进行统计学描述和分析。结果 2008～2012年山东省在4 511 160名无偿献血人群中检出HIV抗体阳性者246例,检出率为5.45/10万。历年HIV抗体阳性检出率分别为1.79/10万、3.04/10万、5.55/10万、6.62/10万和9.50/10万(P<0.05)。246例中,HIV感染者212例,AIDS病人34例;男性占94.31%,女性占5.69%;年龄18～52岁,中位数为25岁,以20岁～29岁为主,占57.72%;高中或中专占47.97%,大专及以上占32.52%;未婚占57.72%;同性传播占56.91%,异性传播占37.40%。结论山东省无偿献血人群中具有感染HIV风险行为的高危人群日趋增多,多为青年男性,疾控和血液机构需加强合作和信息沟通,提高HIV抗体检测服务可及性,同时加强健康教育和献血前咨询,屏蔽高危人群,从源头保证血液安全。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and transmission route of the HIV/AIDS cases from voluntary blood donors in Shandong province,2008-2012 ,so as to provide scientific basis for preventing HIV trans- mission by blood. Methods Statistical description and analysis was conducted with regard to the reported HIV/AIDS epidemiological data in Shandong province. Results A total of 246 infectors were detected among 4 511 160 voluntary blood donors during 2008 - 2012 ,the HIV-antibody positive detection rate was 5.45/105 ,and the annual detection rate was 1.70/105 ,3.03/105 ,5.55/105 ,6.62/105 and 9.50/105 respectively（ P 〈0.05） ,which has been on the rise in the recent years. Among 246 cases,212 were HIV and 34 were AIDS;94.31% were males;the age dispersed from 18 to 52,and the mode was 25,57.72% were 20 to 29 years old;47.97% were high school or technical secondary school,32. 52% were col- lege degree or above;57.72 % were unmarried; 56.91 % were infected by homosexual transmission, and 37.40% were by heterosexual transmission. Conclusion The population at high risk for HIV infection among voluntary blood donors has increased,especially the young men. It is necessary to strengthen the cooperation and communication between CDCs and blood hanks. To improve the accessibility of HIV-antibody detective service, strengthen health education and consultation before donating to eliminate those at high risk for HIV infection, so as to ensure the blood safety from source.