湿式铜基摩擦材料的磨损图研究

Wear map investigation for wet copper-based friction material

磨损图研究是1种能够系统分析材料的摩擦性能、直观反映材料摩擦学特性变化，以达到评估、预知材料摩擦磨损性能的研究方法。本文作者依据相似性原理，通过对摩擦因数、摩擦表面及磨屑的测试及分析，获得不同工况条件下湿式铜基摩擦材料的摩擦学信息，建立磨损图。进一步研究表明：随制动初速度增加（从8m/s增加到20 m/s）和载荷增大（由1 MPa增大到2 MPa），铜基湿式摩擦材料的摩擦因数都逐渐非线性增加，并保持在0.070～0.100之间；其磨损图可划分为轻微磨损区（质量磨损率W〈10-5 mm/次）、严重磨损区（W〉10-4 mm/次）和过渡区（10-5 mm/次〈w〈10-4 mm／次）3个区域，轻微磨损的主要机制为塑性变形和显微犁削，严重磨损的主要机制为疲劳磨损，过渡区域为磨料磨损向疲劳磨损转变的区域。

The wear map research is a method for analyzing the friction properties of materials systematically and reflecting directly the change of materials properties, and predicting the friction and wear properties. According to the similarity principle, the test parameters for the wet copper-based friction material at different operation condition were determined by analyzing the friction coefficient, wear surface and wear debris so that wear map of the wet copper-based friction material was constructed. The results show that, firstly, the friction coefficient increases with increasing the sliding velocity and load （μ=0.070~0.100）; secondly, the wear map of the wet copper-based friction material can be divided into three regions of mild wear （W〈10-5 mm per time）, severe wear （W〉10-4 mm per time） and transitional region （10-5 〈 W〈1 0-4 mm per time）. The dominate mechanisms of wet copper-based friction material under mild wear conditionis plastic deformation and micro-ploughing, whereas under severe wear condition it becomes fatigue wear, the transitional region is the transit from abrasive wear to fatigue wear.