我国零售商品价格行为研究——来自长三角15个市超市的微观证据

A Study on the Behaviors of Retail Prices in China: The Micro Evidence from the Super Markets in 15 Cities in Yangtze River Delta

本文使用2010年8月～2012年10月长三角15市87个超市134种零售商品的月度价格数据，对微观商品的价格行为及其影响因素进行实证研究。结果表明：（1）我国零售商品平均价格调整期为4．24个月，调整较为频繁且幅度较小，具有明显的季节性规律；（2）对商品分类研究发现，酒类、食品类以及软饮料类商品价格变动集中在第一和第三季度，家电类商品价格调整集中在7月至9月，日用品价格不存在季节性变动；（3）预期通货膨胀率、市场需求、市场结构和超市规模对零售商品价格调整具有正向拉动效应，外资超市对零售商品价格的调整幅度偏小。

By the use of the monthly data of 134 kinds of retail goods(RG) from 87 supermarkets in 15 cities in YangtzeRiver delta from August 2010 to October 2012, we have, in this paper, made a case study on micro-commodities' be-haviors of retail prices and their influencing factors, of micro commodities. The results of our study indicate that(1) themedian duration of retail price adjustment in China is 4.24 months; the price changes frequently, but the range of priceadjustments is rather short; and this range has, obviously, the law of being reasonable;(2) by the research on the classi-fication of commodities, we have found that the price changes of alcohol, food and soft drink products concentrate onthe first and third season, while the prices of household electrical products tend to change during the period from Julyto September, and that the prices of articles of everyday use have no seasonable change;(3) the expected inflation rate,the market structure and the scale of supermarkets have the effect of positive driving on the price of RG, whereas theadjustment range of the price of the RG is relatively short.