负重游泳运动对膝关节骨性关节炎大鼠关节软骨及运动能力的影响

The effects of loaded swimming exercise on articular cartilage and exercise abilities in knee osteoarthritis model rats

目的:观察负重游泳运动对膝关节骨性关节炎(OA)大鼠关节软骨及运动能力的影响,探讨负重游泳运动防治膝OA的机制,为临床采用负重游泳运动防治膝OA提供理论依据。方法:将50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组(20只)和模型组(30只),模型组大鼠采用木瓜酶注射法建立膝关节骨性关节炎模型,造模完成后在空白组和模型组大鼠中各抽取10只,进行以下测定:①肉眼及光镜下观察大鼠膝关节软骨形态及病理学改变并评分;②免疫组化法观察大鼠膝关节软骨中基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-13)阳性细胞的数量;③评价大鼠的运动能力。将剩余的模型组大鼠随机分为负重游泳组(10只)和对照组(10只)。剩余空白组及对照组大鼠不予以任何干预,负重游泳组大鼠接受6周的负重游泳运动后,对三组大鼠进行上述3项指标的测定。结果:负重游泳运动后,负重游泳组大鼠关节软骨面大体观分值、镜下观Mankin分值、软骨中MMP-13阳性细胞数较对照组大鼠明显减少;运动能力较对照组明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:负重游泳运动能够延缓膝OA模型大鼠膝关节软骨细胞的进一步破坏,并能够提高膝OA模型大鼠的运动能力。负重游泳运动可作为治疗膝OA的运动疗法。

Objective：To observe the effects of loaded swimming exercise on articular cartilage and exercise abilities in knee osteoarthritis（KOA） model rats, and to discuss the mechanism of loaded swimming exercise in treating KOA, to offer the theoretical evidence that loaded swimming exercise used in clinical practice. Method：A total of 50 male Wistar rats were divided randomly into a normal group（20 rats） and a model group （30 rats）. Rats in model group were established into knee osteoarthritis models by injecting papain. When mod- els were performed, 10 rats were taken from normal group and model group： （~）Morphologiced and pathologi- cal changes of knee articular cartilage in rats were observed with eyes and optical microscopes, then scored;（~） Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13（MMP-13） of knee articular cartilage in rats were observed by using immunohistochemical technology;~）Exercise abilities of rats were evaluated. The rests of model group were sub- divided into a loaded swimming subgroup （10 rats） and a control group （10 rats）. There was no extra interven- tion in rats of normal sub group or control subgroup. Rats in loaded swimming subgroup took loaded swim- ming exercise for 6 weeks. After that, the 3 above mentioned indicators were measured in all groups. Result：The scores of pathological chan^es and exoression of MMP-13 of knee articular cartilage in loaded swimming subgroup decreased significantly compared with the control subgroup（P〈 0.05）, and the exercise abil- ities increased significantly compared with the control subgroup（P〈 0.05）. Conclusion：Loaded swimming exercise can delay the articular cartilage damage,and can increase the exercise abilities of KOA model rats. Loaded swimming exercise can be a physical therapy for KOA.