河流氮输出对流域人类活动净氮输入的响应研究综述

Responses of riverine nitrogen export to net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs: A review

人类活动引起的生态系统氮输入对水环境有着重要的潜在影响,而目前,我国流域氮污染的研究多从微观角度进行探讨,而从宏观尺度或流域角度诊断流域系统存在的问题研究尚处于起步阶段,直接导致了对流域存在的生态问题把握不清、流域污染程度和潜在污染情况含糊不明.基于此,本文综述了河流氮污染与人类活动氮素输入的响应关系及其影响因素,这对于从流域尺度诊断生态环境、摸清氮流动的过程中自然气候和人类活动扮演的角色及调节过程,并最终提出科学的管理方案具有一定的理论和实际意义.

Nitrogen （N） inputs caused by human activities potentially influences the aquatic envi- ronment. However, researches on N pollution in China are mainly discussed from the microscopic point of view, i. e. field experiment. Watershed-scale diagnosis of N pollution has just started, leading to ambiguous identification of ecological problems, pollution issues and pollution potential at watershed scale. In this paper, relationships between net anthropogenic N inputs （NANI） and ri- verine N flux （RNF） and factors influencing these relationships at watershed scale had been investi- gated. This would help diagnose ecological and environmental problems at watershed scale, under- stand the roles of natural climate and human activities in affecting N fluxes, and ultimately provide both theoretical and practical insights into environmental management decisions.