河型分类研究现状与展望

Research status and prospect of river pattern classification

河型分类研究是河流地貌学、河流动力学及河流工程学中的一个基本问题,是探索河流的地质地貌、河床演变规律和河道整治的关键所在,对于完善河流学理论具有重要意义。在总结众多学者研究工作的基础上,介绍了近百年来河型分类、河型成因、河型判别式研究现状及成果,并对水利枢纽下游河床、河型演变进行了初步分析。最后对河型分类研究中亟待解决的问题进行了展望,指出大坝下游的河流再造床过程是未来研究的重点和热点问题。

The research on river pattern classification is a basic problem in river geomorphology, river dynamics and river engi- neering, which is a key to exploring topographic features of river, evolution rules of riverbed and river regulation, possessing im- portant meanings for improving the fluviology theory. On the basis of summarizing the previous study results, this paper intro- duces the research status and achievements of river patterns classifications, formation causes of river patterns and river pattern discriminants in the last 100 years, also the downstream riverbed and river pattern evolution of hydro - projects are preliminary analyzed. Finally, we give the prospect for the issues needed urgent solutions in river pattern classification research and point out that the process of river reformation at downstream of dams is the focus of future research.