轨道交通地上车站建筑防火设计研究

Research on the Fire Protection Design of Rail Transit Station Building on the Ground

研究目的:城市轨道交通地上车站不同于一般的民用建筑,其防火分区、安全疏散模式的设计一直缺乏明确统一的规范依据,消防设计和审查过程中极易产生争议。本文根据地上车站建筑设计的特点,结合城轨及铁路站房工程实例,参考相关规范、规程进行分析探讨,提出城市轨道交通地上车站防火设计的方法,为后续工程提供参考。研究结论:(1)防火分区站厅公共区一般情况下不超过2 500 m^2,半开敞式的站台面积可以不限;(2)消防车道可沿站房主体两个长边设置;(3)站厅、站台能够避免烟气伤害的地方,都可以作为安全区;(4)一级供电的重载交通型自动扶梯、安全门端门及站台端部小楼梯、下跨线联络通道可作为疏散设施;(5)本文提出的轨道交通地上车站建筑防火设计建议,可作为今后地上车站消防设计的参考。

Research purposes： City track traffic on the ground station is different from the general civil construction, the design of the fire district and safety evacuation mode has been the lack of unified standard basis, the dispute is extremely easy to have the fire protection design and review process. According to the characteristics of the design of the station building on the ground, combined with the engineering example of urban rail and railway station, the reference to the relevant norms are discussed, the design method of the station fire city track traffic on the ground, and provide reference for the follow -up project. Research conclusions： （ 1 ） The station hall public area of fire district should be not more than 2 500 m2, the platform area of semi open type can not be limit; （2） The fire lane can be arranged along the long side of the main building in two; （3） The station hall and the platform which can avoid smoke damage place, can be used as security region; （4） A level of power supply of heavy duty escalator, security doors doors and platform ends, can be used as a small staircase evacuation facilities across the line contact channel; （5） The proposal about the rail transport station building fire protection design can be used as fire protection design for future reference station.