异种肝移植现状与未来

Current status and prospects of liver xenotransplantation

以猪为供体,利用其器官进行异种移植,是解决人体器官严重短缺的重要思路和方法。随着对异种移植排斥和人畜共感染性疾病的深入研究,以及α-1,3-半乳糖苷转移酶基因敲除猪的成功构建,以猪为供体的异种移植越来越接近于临床应用。然而,与心脏移植和肾移植相比,异种肝移植的效果仍十分有限,受体和移植肝的最长存活时间仅为14 d。本文试就异种肝移植进入临床应用的主要问题和可能的解决方法进行综述,希望对未来的临床异种移植研究提供参考。

Procurement of organs from pig can be a novel means to resolve the shortage of donor organs. With the in-depth study of xenograft rejection and zoonotic infectious diseases, the development of α-1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout （GTKO） pigs promote the translation of xenotransplantation from bench to bedside. However, compared with the heart and renal xenotransplantation, the outcome of liver xenotransplantation is still very limited. The longest survival reported was only 14 d. This paper reviews the key issues and possible solutions which may be confronted in the clinical liver xenotransplantation. We hope to providereference for the further study.