绵枣儿属药用植物化学成分和药理活性研究进展

Advances on chemical constituents and pharmacological activity of genus Scilla

绵枣儿属Scilla植物是百合科多年生草本,约90种,广布于欧洲、亚洲和非洲的温带地区,少数也见于热带山地。我国产1种和1变种,即绵枣儿和白绿绵枣儿。该属中多种植物可以药用,常被用于治疗跌打损伤,腰腿疼痛、筋骨痛等。该属植物的化学成分主要是尤可甾醇衍生的三萜及其糖苷、蟾蜍甾、高异黄酮、生物碱、二苯乙烯及少量的木脂素等。药理活性主要表现在抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤和糖苷酶抑制等方面。为了更好地开发利用本属药用植物,该文综述了其化学成分与药理活性的研究进展。

The genus Scilla consists of 90 species widely distributed in Europe, Asia and Africa, one and its variant of which can be found in China. Some species of the genus have been used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases related to inflamma- tion and pain. Phytochemical studies have demonstrated the presence of triterpene and tritepenoid saponins derived from eucosterol, bu- fadienolides, alkaloids, stilbenoids and lignan in the plants of this genus. Various bioactivities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammato- ry, antioxidant, anti-tumor and glycosidase inhibitory activities, have been reported. In this review, the advance of chemical constitu- ents.and pharmacological activities of the Scilla species are summarized for further development and utilization of the resource.