塔里木盆地西南缘灌区低洼农田水盐运移特征

Soil Water and Salt Migration of Low-lying Parts of Irrigation Area in the Southwestern Tarim Basin

为科学治理塔里木盆地西南缘灌区重度盐渍化，对其一处低洼农田水盐进行监测。结果显示：排除漫灌影响，7月初至11月初，农田地下水埋深呈单峰型，表现为监测前期缓慢上升，8月初达到最大值，后波动性降低；而地下水矿化度一直缓慢降低。0～60cm土壤总盐量表现为单峰型，监测前期缓慢升高，8月达到最大值，后缓慢降低。相关分析表明，整个监测时期，农田地下水埋深、矿化度、0～60cm总盐量均表现为正相关，且随着土壤深度的增加，总盐量与地下水埋深、矿化度的相关程度增大。

By monitoring the water-salt of low-lying irrigation farmland in the southwest Tarim Basin, the results showed that get rid of the flood irrigation effect, the groundwater table of experimental field firstly increased slowly, and it decreased gradually after achieving the maximum in early August. The groundwater mineralization of experimental field has always reduced slowly, the total salt of the soil in 0--60 cm layer a- chieved maximum in August, and then slowly reduced. From early July to the end of October, the groundw- ater table, groundwater mineralization and total salt of soil in 0--60 cm layer were positively correlated with each other, among them, the correlation coefficient between groundwater table and groundwater mineraliza- tion was 0.74, and the groundwater mineralization was exponential based on the groundwater table; The correlation coefficient between groundwater table and total salt of soil in 0--20 cm layer, 20--40 cm layer and 40--60 cm layer was respectively 0.49, 0.70 and 0. 69, thereinto, the total salt of soil in 0--20 cm lay- er and 20--40 cm layer were exponential based on the groundwater table, and there is a multinomial regres- sion equation between groundwater table and total salt of soil in 40--60 cm layer; The correlation of ground- water mineralization and total salt of soil in 0--20 cm layer, 20--40 cm layer and 40--60 cm layer was re- spectively O. 40, 0. 83 and 0. 76, and total salt of soil in 0--20 cm layer had a linear relation with groundwa- ter mineralization, meanwhile, there existed a very significant power correlation between groundwater min- eralization and total salt of soil in 20--40 cm layer and 40--60 cm layer.