载重汽车行驶平顺性优化设计

Optimization and Research on Vehicle's Ride Comfort

研究载重汽车行驶平顺性优化问题，解决载重汽车在空载和满载状态下，各悬置刚度及阻尼参数的设计及匹配问题。为了研究车辆空载和满载状态下车辆行驶平顺性的优化设计，提出建立9自由度载重汽车平顺性模型，分析了各悬置系统参数在各装载状态下对车辆平顺性的影响趋势。并利用近似模型技术建立各悬置刚度和阻尼参数与座椅加速度均方根值的显式函数关系，在综合考虑装载条件下，确定了各悬置系统刚度和阻尼参数的最佳取值。优化结果表明，装载条件对载货卡车平顺性会产生重大影响，且各悬置系统刚度和阻尼参数是影响车辆平顺性的主要因素。较原车相比，各悬置参数优化后，空载行驶平顺性提高15％～28．7％，满载行驶平顺性提高20％～43．9％。证明改进方法能综合考虑车辆不同装载状态下的平顺性表现和各参数匹配效果，对车辆平顺性的悬置系统刚度和阻尼参数优化设计具有工程可行性和重要的理论参考价值。

For improving the truck ride comfort under no-load condition, we took all factors into consideration of vehicle suspension parameters optimization design method under no-load and full load condition. This paper estab- lished a 9 DOE vehicle ride comfort model and studied the influence of the suspension system on vehicle ride comfort, then used the approximate model technology to establish the suspension stiffness and damping parameters and seat ac- celeration root mean square value of explicit function relation. This method can comprehensively consider the ride comfort of vehicle under different loading condition and the parameters matching effect. The suspension stiffness and damping were optimized by approximate model, so the ride comfort was markedly improved 15% - 28.7% under no- load and 20% -43.9% under full load. It is concluded that the method, which can be used to design the vehicle vibration isolation, is feasible and validity.