滑动轮凝胶的制备及其结构研究进展

Recent progress of synthesis of slide-ring gel and its structure characterization

滑动轮凝胶由于其聚合物网络是由8字形的交联结构将聚轮烷拓扑联锁而成,因而具有比传统聚合物凝胶更优越的溶胀性能、延展性以及机械强度,近年来已成为聚合物凝胶领域研究的热点。本文介绍了滑动轮凝胶的基本概念与拓扑交联方式,简述了其优越的性能和广泛的应用价值,回顾了滑动交联理论的提出及实现过程。重点综述了国内外各种滑动轮凝胶的制备方法,以及溶剂、交联密度和环糊精与PEG的包结复合率等因素对其滑轮效应的结构与性能的影响。指出目前滑动轮凝胶所用的聚轮烷骨架种类较少,应用研究有待加强。

Slide-ring gels are a new type of polymer gels,in which polymer networks are formed by topologically interlocking of polyrotaxane by figure-of-eight cross-links. Because these cross-links can pass along the polymer chains freely to equalize the tension of the threading polymer chains like pulleys,slide-ring gels reveal higher swellability,higher stretchability,and better mechanical strength than traditional chemical or physical gels. Hence,slide-ring gels have attracted considerable attention and become a very active research area. This review introduces the concept of slide-ring gel,and its topologically cross-linking method,superior performance and extensive application value. Proposition of a sliding-ring model and its achieving process by real molecules is also reviewed. Preparation methods,structure and physical properties of the slide-ring gels,as well as three main parameters that govern the pulley effect,moving phase,cross-linking density,and complexation degree between ring and main polymer chain,are discussed. However,the types of polyrotaxanes used to prepare the slide-ring gels are limited,and the corresponding application research is rarely reported.