不同人群戊型病毒性肝炎血清流行病学研究

A sero-epidemiologic investigation on hepatitis E viral infection status among different populations in Hangzhou City

目的了解不同人群戊型病毒性肝炎(戊肝)感染状况。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,对杭州市拱墅区和桐庐县普通人群1483人及猪牛养殖户、屠宰人员、销售人员和宠物饲养人员等重点人群393人开展个案调查并采集血样,应用ELISA法检测戊肝抗体。结果杭州市人群戊肝标化阳性率为36.87%,男女阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),50岁组阳性率最高为53.93%。农村人群标化阳性率46.89%高于城市人群29.63%。猪牛养殖户及销售人员等重点人群的阳性率均高于普通人群(P<0.05),并随工作年限的增长,阳性率上升。结论与猪牛接触密切的重点人群戊肝感染率高于普通人群。

Objective To investigate the infection status of hepatitis E virus （HEV） among different groups of people in Hangzhou city. Methods Using multi - stage stratified cluster random sampling method, 393 individuals from pig and cow raising households, pig slaughter workers, pork salesmen and pet feeding workers and other vocations in Gongshu District and Tonglu County were selected. Cases survey data and blood samples were then collected from those populations. Enzyme - Linked Immunosorbent Assay （ELISA） was adopted to detect anti - HEV - IgM and IgG. Results The standardized infection rate in Hangzhou city was 36. 87%. There was no significant difference between males and females（ P 〉 0. 05 ）, however, there was significant difference among different age groups（ P 〈 0. 05 ） , and the highest infection rate was found in 50 - 59 year group. The standardized infection rates of population in rural areas and urban areas were 46. 89% and 29. 63% respectively（P 〈0. 05）. The positive rates for anti -HEV in pig and cow raising households and pork salesman were higher than others（P 〈 0. 05 ） and it increased with working years. Conclusion The people who frequently contact with pig or cow have a higher risk of infecting HEV.