精密三角高程在大亚湾中微子实验距离测量中的应用研究

Application of trigonometric leveling in distance measurement of Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment

本文对三角高程对向观测的原理及其误差影响因素进行了分析,同时针对量高误差设计了一种量高工具,并应用到大亚湾中微子实验高程测量中。通过三角高程与水准测量的大量数据对比分析,得出三角高程可以达到二等水准精度并从实践中指出了其合适的观测距离等结论。本文还对非严格错开时间的三角高程对向观测进行了研究,分析了大气折光对其造成的影响,为全站仪三维观测应用积累了经验。

This paper analyzed the principle and the precision of trigonometric leveling with reciprocal observation, designed a tool to measure the instrument and target heights accurately. These have been ap- plied to the height surveying in Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment. With a large contrast of elevation difference between trigonometric and spirit leveling, it was finally approved that trigonometric leveling could reach the requirement of second-order leveling, and obtain the most favorite distance for the observa- tion. The effect of refraction on the trigonometric leveling with non-strict and non-simultaneous reciprocal observation was also analyzed, which accumulated experiences for the further application of three-dimen- sional measurement by total station instrument.