《不能承受的生命之轻》中自我探寻的永恒悖论

On the Eternal Paradox of Self Seeking in The Unbearable Lightness of Being

探究人的悖论性存在状态、展示人性的多种可能性是米兰·昆德拉挑战自我的确定性本质、解构绝对主义的一个尝试,《不能承受的生命之轻》正是这一尝试的力作。小说中的四个主要人物体现了自我悖论性存在的两种方式,即横向坐标轴上不同自我同时存在的矛盾性和悖论性,以及纵向坐标轴上自我探寻中行为结果对行为意愿的否定性与嘲弄性。昆德拉认为,自我存在的不确定性和悖论性状态是现实世界荒诞感和人的精神世界复杂性的体现,相对性与模糊性则是自我探寻的永恒悖论,人对于自我的认识永远处于"无知"和谬误之中。

Aiming to break the deterministic nature of the self and deconstruct absolutism, Milan Kundera makes attempts in his literature to explore the paradox of self existence state and show the various possibilities of human nature. It is typical in The Unbearable Lightness of Being. According to four main figures, this novel shows the paradox of self existence in two ways, namely, one is the contradiction and paradox on lateral state of self existence and the other is the negativity and mocking of uncertain behavior result on the longitudinal axis. Kundera thinks that uncertainty and paradox of self existence illustrates the sense of absurdity of the real world and the complexity of the human spiritual world, and the relativity and fuzziness will be paradox for ever when human being explores himself. The understanding of self is always ＂ignorant＂ and wrong for human.